Rotary air-pump.



J. PETERMULLBR.

ROTARY AIR PUMP. APPLICATION ILBD NOV. 2,`19l1.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

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Patented m14, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET z.

J. PETERMLLBR. ROTARY AIR PUMP. APPLIOATION FILED Nov. z, 1911.,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Jan.. 14, 11913.

J. PETBRMD'LLER. ROTARY AIR PUMP. APPLICATION PII-.ED NOV. 2, 1911.

1,050,688.I Patented Jan; 14, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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' J. PETERMLLER. ROTARY 'AIR'PImR APPLIUATIQ'N' FILED nov. z, 1911.

L Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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i Y :sourses Mestiere.

nesesss To all 'whom t may concern.'

gas during its compression.

Ee it known that I, Josnrs'. Psrnmsnns, subiect of the Emperor of Germany, re siding et Holm Foundry, Catlicsrt, in tue county, of Renfrew, Scotland,'hs.ve inycnted csrlnin new and. useful Improvements in Blotsry Air-Pumps; and do hereby declare following to be e. full, clear, and exact descriptioncf tilev invention, such es Wili enable others skills@ in the srt to 'which .it eppcitsius to ineke' snel use the saine, reference lied@ to the accompanying drawispgs, @muri to letters or igures ot reference mere thereon, which form s part of this k Lcimitmn., "lie prescnls invention relsies to rotsry is: in, iur riesling with sir to other elastic timide, is 'intended chiefly for use in conf secties with steam more oertculurly those in which the condenser" is under vacuum and it .is required te imliarge the oir from the condenser against atmospheric fessure. n

Air pumps other' t an those oit the rec/1p'- roceting type usually compress the gos by of a. .so-called auxiliary liquidaredium to which the` required energy is primarily transmitted. The energy in the liquid is in .turn transmitted. to the Known examples of this type are. jet air Ipumps or ejectors, wherein a. Water jet isischsrge at high speed through nozzlesshaped. oyen ings, uml entrains with itt ie to lie. conipijessed; also pumps wiicrem tno )et or jets broken up in orfier to produce as greet s surface as possible, with e consequent coin--A gill., s mixing with the gas to loe discharged. This mixture is then led through passages in which its renmining velocity energy is used ic compress sind discharge the entraine ges.

With the object of maintaining the obsolube velocity of the auxiliary-liquid meiuiu es los` ss possible, it luis heretofore 1neen proposei to produce the relative movement between the liquid mid,tlie gas by the. motion of the soziales themseives, the latter consistl ing, for exemple, of redini passages arrenge in e wheel mounted on a shaft :nul ivmnerscd in water contained in u reservoir, ti'ioslisft being rot-rated by s pulley or otheru wisc, anni the gas iieing led to' the inner ends of f,these penages, the discharge ends of which src et the periphery ci the rotor.

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condensing plants sndf lpeclcmon ci lettcre Patent. Patented Jawa. 4q1913. Agplicatou l'ctllovcmbc 53, lull.. Serial No. 858,213..

With fin sppsrstusothis nature, when thisv shaft. rotating, the relative velocity between the liquid and the gos to be discharged isprctlucerl et the iseliergs enfle of the pas enges'. in rotor. Gres and Vliquid are mmol, and the ges rises in the specifically heavier liquid; und in this' waya vacuum can, be obtainetl in the duct whichf conveys the ss to' the rotor. The absolute velocity of tie liquirlmiay, therefore, be relatively 'very low.

My invention, which consists in apparatus intended to work on this principle, will he described with reference to the accompanying drawings und more particularly set 'forth in the cluims.

l Figure l is u vertical section ofa'singlestage pump. Figs. 2 und; 3 are 'vertical sec tions of alternative constructions of the single stage pump, and, Figs. 4.- and 5 are vertical sections of alternative constructions of a, multi-stage pump embodying the principles of the invention.

Referring in the first place to Fig. l, the pump here illustrated is ini/ended for romoving sir from surface condensers-under 'vacuum and for discharging this air into the atmosphere. The ump is immcrsedfn water @contained in t c tank b. The pum wheelor rotor c is fixed on the shaft d Whic is adapted to be rotetecl directly e motor .or by other ,suitable means. The wheel is der to lmxc "no unbalanced axial pssure. "I'lieair enters the pump by ille continu and is (livided into tw-o portions, one portion passing Ainto the annular chamber e con tainedv in the left-hand port c of the wheel, ,while the other portion passes into the corresponding annular chemberin the rightlxangipujrt c of the wheel. f,=f are the discl'iarge ducts through which .the air passes into the waiter a. The rotation "of the wheel causes a.- relative velocity between the eripheryof the wheel and the water; and t is relative velocity sweeps the air from the' The air when free from the;

ducts j", y". wheel their rises in the specifically heavier water. )in this way a vacuum can be pro ducedin the conduit j, and air drawn out of the condenser and discharged through the water into the atmosphere. The 'Water is to e. certain extent put into motion by the rota- Ltion of the wheel, but 'the absolute velocity..

-. 'nervhereinbefore described. Each Wheel is pump wheel. An alternative mannerxof ob- 'the letters'g. It will .be understood, how- 'angles to the peripheral velocit-y of the Wheel 4be employed-for this purpose and mounted sion being accomplished in each case by a -and is immersed in, or sealed by, Water conl 55 from each Wheel rises through the Water and ever, that these vanes will in practice be placed'on both ends of the Wheel. .These plates or varies serve, moreover, to give to the water a component of velocityV at right and are therefore lusefulrinspreventing the air, which is vsvvept from any one ftheegit ducts f, f', from interfering with the exi? duct next behind it.

If the friction between the Water and the wheel, in conjunction with the action of the guidel plates, is not sufficient to produce the required circulation, a hydraulic pump mayon the same shaft as the air -pump wheel. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig. 2 in which L indicates the hydraulic pump rotor. The 'Water is drawn into the hydraulic pump byway of the passages L, la, and discharged in the form of an' annular' jet m across thedischarge ducts f of the air pump, the motion of the fluid being at right angles to the-motion of the periphery of the air taining the same effect is shown in Fig. 3. In this case yvaterunder pressure, obtained from. any convenient source outside of the tankb, is conducted along the'passage o and the 4annular passage p which surrounds the shaft (l and discharged as an annular jet m across'thc air pump discharge ducts f.

In order to reduce the speed of rotation of my pumps and at the same time to im--- prove their quantitative capacity and in crease their efficiency, I sometimes compress the yair in two or more stages, the compres rotating Wheelor drum acting in the man" located in an independent chamber or cellor at least discharges into this chamber* tained inthis chamber. Theair discharged collects -at the top of the chamber from which it is led to, or drawn by, the next Wheel. The. air discharged from the last Wheel, after rising through the Wat-er --in the chamber containing this Wheel, is delivered v to the atmosphere or to the vessel to which it is desired tobe delivered, Bythus reducing the pressure dili'erencefbetween. the suction and discharge of each Wheel, the efficiency is increased While at the same time I am enf 4abled to reduce the speed of rotation of the pump and also increase the capacity.

A multi-stage pump is illustrated m Fig.

.4?. et is the first-stage wheel and 5 is its suction passage. ,This Wheel is situated 'the chamberfrom'which it gains access to the second-stage Wheel 8 which is located 1n the chamber 9 which also contains water. The air rises in bubbles-through this water and collects in the space 11 from which it gains access to the third-stage Wheel 12 Whlch is located in the chamber 13. The secondand third-stage Wheels are of the same nature as the first-stage Wheel but they are ofthe single-flowI instead of the doublefloW type. .The air rising through the Water in the chamber 13 passes under the baffle plate 14; and leaves the apparatus by the port- 15. The battle plate 14 tendsto' separate out the Water carried in suspension by the air, which Water is deposit/ed in the side tank 16. "Moreover, a certain amount of Water, either in the liquid or lvapor form, is

carried by the air into the chamber 13 from the chambers of the preceding Wheels. The excess of Water in the chamber 13 liows over the Weir 17 into the tank 16. 'Vater from the tank lmay be re-admtted to the Wheel chambers either byi allowing it to How into the chamber 6 of the first-stage Wheel or into the first-stage wheel suction pipe 5. For this purpose valves 21 and 22 may be provided.` The Water in the tank 16 may be cooled by Water or other liquid circulated through the tubes 23 or by other convenient cooling arrangement; or, in place of cooling the Water within the tank 16, or'in addition thereto, I lmay provide cooling arrangements, such, for example, as cooling tubes '24 within thcwater chambers 6 and 9, and, if desired, also within the Water chamber 13.

In Fig. 4f, three Wheels are shown, and all are mounted on the same vertical shaft 25,'

the first-stage wheel being in the lowest po-v sition.` I may, however, mount the several wheels on a common shaft arranged hori" zontally, or at any angle, them on independent shafts. each Wheel is located in, ordischarges into, a separate chamber. In every case also, a plurality of`w'heels is employed, but the number may vary according to the requirements of the case.

An arrangement of Wheels on a horizontal shaft 2 according to the present invention, is; illustrated in. Fig. 5. As in the previolgsly described arrangement, tis the first-stage, 8 the second-stage, and 12 the third-stage wheel, these Wheels being located in Water chambers, 6, 9 and13 respectively. With this horizontal arrangement, in order or I may place In every case,

to allovir the second-stage Wheel,to suck the air from the top ci.y the chamber. 6 of the l rst-stage Wheel, it is necessary to provide a I' duct 27. A similar duct 28 is provided to allow the third-stage Wheel tov suck the air from. the top of the chamber S). y

ln Fig. d, as Well 'as in Fig. 5, the firststag'e Wheel is illustrated as' of the doubleovv type, and the other Wheels as of the single-lion' type, that is, thev lirst-stage Wheel discharges the air in two lopposite directions While the remaining Wheels' discharge the p air only in. one direction. vWhile this is a v convenient arrangement, I can of course rovide either a double-flow, -or asingle- 0W,

Wheel for any stage. Whatever arrangement is employed, the `vane speeds of the,

several Wheels may be different With the object yo :ff obtaining the best results in eachcase.

M, V n the Wheels are fixed on the same shaft, the vane speeds can be varied by varying the diameter of the several Wheels.

A very important lfeature of my type of pump that the absolute velocity of the r as low as possible and, in the case a vacuum pump, considerably lower than .t necessary to eject it from an absolute v Mum into a space at atmospheric pressure 'This constitutes a great advantage 3g ci these pumps, because, in all pumps employing an auxiliary iluid medium, losses of en t se with the kinetic energy given to the medium; and these losses bear a high'-natio to the useful Work done in compressing and discharging the air; and, in the majority of rotary air pumps in which an auxiliary tluid medium is employed, the useul Work done on the air is only a small proportion of thev total; and a very large proportion of the energy in such apparatus is used in constantly accelerating the auxiliary amedium up to the necessary velocity. In my pumps, however, no acceleration is required, the energy being initially given to, and retained by, the rotating portion of the pump and nsetplly employed as long as the pump is at wor'.

' es pumps provided with the passages kwh so gy by the medium naturally tendl to inx I A special advantage of my pump lies l 5c the fact that all fthe rotating parts are comcourse necessary that Water as to ,discharge the Water in the form of an annular jet m across the discharge ducts of the air pump, whereby the desired circulation may-be'maintained. Only one of these is lshown in each of Figs. 4l. and v5, but it is 7o to 'be understood that anyl desired number 'may be employed, one for each of thehypdraulic pumps, for'inst-ance.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure -by Let-4 ters Patent is l1. A rotary air pump comprising, a pump Wheel provided with peripheral air discharge ports, means for rotating said wheel, a tank containing Water in which said Wheel is completely immersed, a fixed conduit which passes through said Water and is adapted to convey the air to'said Wheel, and means for giving to the Water surrounding said Wheel a velocity at right angles to the 35 velocity of the said air discharge ports. i

2. A rotary air pump comprising, a pump wheel provided with peripheral air discharge ports, means for rotating said wheel,

a tank containing water in which said wheel is completely immersed, a fixed conduit which passes through said l Water and is adapted to convey the airto said Wheel, and a hydraulic pump immersed in said Water and 'adapted co-discharge an annular jet of Water across the said air discharge ports.

3.V A rotary air pump including a pump Wheel provided with peripheral air discharge ports, means for rotating said Wheel, a tank containing water inwhich said Wheel is completely immersed, a conduit which passes throughvsaid water and is adapted to convey the air to said Wheel, and means for passing Water across the peripheral discharge-ports atan angleto the motion of the periphery of said Wheel.

4. A rotary air'pump including a pump Wheel provided with `peripheral y air discharge ports, means for rotating said Wheel,` a tank containing Water in which said wheel is completely immersed, a conduit lwhich passes throu h said Water and is adapted to convey the air to said Wheel, and means for discharging an annular jet oi Water across the saidv airl discharge ports.

5.`A .rotary air pump including a tank embodying a plurality of-separate chambers containing Water,- a plurality of pump Wheels located in said chambers and adapted to compress the air in stages in the said chambers successively, oneof said chambers being the outlet chamber and defined on onev side by a. Weir, the tank also being provided with a side chamber containing water andin communication with the outlet chamber and having valve connection with the lrst stage chamber of the series. I,

" 6. A multi-stage rotary air pump includn ing a plurality of pump Wheels, a tank in. which said Wheels are mounted,'said tank cm' 130 l y n 1,050,688

bodying a'plurality of separate chambers containing aWater, Asaid chambers being ar- 10. and the last stage chamber 'of the series.

ranged 1n a series, a plurality of pump wheels being located in said chambers re-A spectively, means for rotating said pump Wheels,' the tank being provided With a side chamber in communication with thel last sta'ge chamber of the series, said side chamber being formed with a discharge port, and with -baliie plate interposedA between said port 7. A multi-stage rotary pump includingl a tank embodying a plurality of distinct chambers containing water, a series of pump .16 wheels mounted .in the respective chambers,

means for rotating said pump Wheels, a conduit leading to the first stage pump wheel of the series and adapted to convey air thereto,

a side tnk communicating with the last Witnesses:

ROBERT MORRISON NEILso, DAvn) WATT PAGE.

JOSEPH PETERMLLER. b 

